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non-wovens

Nonwovens are fabrics that do not rely on traditional textile production methods like weaving, knitting, knotting, or crocheting. Instead, they are formed through various processes such as mechanical action, thermal bonding, chemical solvents, or adhesive agents. One of the oldest non-woven textiles is felt, which originated from wool fibers that bond together when exposed to moisture, heat, and pressure. Felt has been found in ancient archeological sites and is still manufactured today using wool or other fibers. When made from fibers other than wool, additional processing is required to join the fibers together. Another example of a non-woven textile is bark cloth or tapa, which was created by pre-industrial people from the fibrous inner bark of certain trees. This unique fabric is no longer commercially produced but remains an important part of cultural heritage.